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HUMAN-PSYCHOACTIVE PLANT CHEMICAL ECOLOGY

There are about 180 varieties of naturally occurring plant and fungus species which have anatomical parts that contain one or more chemicals that have a psychoactive effect in humans. The chemicals are psychoactive because they are analogues of human neurotransmitters. We can call these plants (and fungi) collectively ‘psychoactive plants.’ Several caveats must be noted. First, this grouping does not include plants that do not have a psychoactive effect on humans but instead only affect certain animal species (such as catnip, which produces chemicals that resemble male cat pheromones, but has no psychoactive effect in humans). Additionally, in some cases, plants are psychoactive when used in synergistic combination with other plants (but this is due generally to overcoming pharmacokinetic limitations of traditional routes of administration). And finally, it should be noted that if a plant is classified as a psychoactive plant for humans, this does not mean that the plant is not made use of in other ways by humans as well. For example, cannabis sp. plants have a variety of uses such as in the production and use of hemp-based products (rope, wood, pulp, fabrics, oil) and other medicinal uses not directly related to the psychoactive properties (such as the ingestion of highly nutritious hemp seeds, and the use of the flower’s resin for its anti-emetic, pro-phagic, and anti-inflammatory properties). Nevertheless, given these caveats, what make these plants unique are the psychoactive effects that their metabolites produce in humans. These plants have been part of the environment that humans have lived in and interacted with for thousands of years. Given that both psychoactive plants and humans are living organisms that have evolved on earth, it is proper to say that the relationship and interaction that humans and psychoactive plants share is an ecological one. I would call it: human-psychoactive plant ecology, and its study would primarily fall under the discipline of ethnobotany. Some have termed the ethnobotanical subdiscipline dealing with psychoactive plants as entheobotany. However, any discipline which has ecology as a foundational principle, such as geography, would develop positively if informed by studies in human-psychoactive plant ecology.

This ecological relationship is heavily shaped by political forces. Due to recent extraprocedural legislation, many of the psychoactive plants are illegal for billions of people to possess under U.S. and international law. Also, many of the analogues of the plant-produced chemicals are illegal as well.

Cannabis is 100%muraco was herevalid XHTML-Strict and CSS. This paragraph shows how you can automatically make the first letter in every paragraph look just like the beginning of a chapter in a book.

Image styles

Images are wrapped by default with a dashed green border with text centered around it. I think it looks rather nice. This is a picture of some apricot kernels I got from stock.xchng, it isn't pistachios but I just liked the image.

 

 

 

Why is the study of human-psychoactive plant ecology important for medical geography?

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1. would, at the large scale, help to understand and potentially mitigate the injurious health effects of the politicization of human-psychoactive plant ecology which can be linked to individual- and population-level structural and direct violence as well as industrial production and distribution of potent psychoactive plant concentrates in a highly profitable underground economy

2. would, at the small-scale, lead to elucidation of the nature and effect of non-ordinary or alternate states of consciousness on the health and well-being of individuals. These states are experienced when an individual human being comes into close neurochemical contact with plant-produced psychoactive chemicals. These effects occur in the neurospace or embodied inner space of a human being’s body. Transpersonal medicine and psychiatry and integrative medicine offer foundational understanding of these health effects

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• Unordered list
• Has a cool green arrow
• As the list marker

1. Ordered lists
2. Are pretty much boring
3. Just the usual list

Name	Weight	Phone No
Jane	135 lbs	555-1234
Jack	165 lbs	333-1234
Jill	127 lbs	222-1234
Jerry	174 lbs	777-1234

Paragraph styles

This template was inspired by all of my left-over Pistachios from Christmas... I love nuts of every kind, but Pistachios are awesome. Regular paragraphs are indented by 25px on the first line. This template was inspired by all of my left-over Pistachios from Christmas... I love nuts of every kind, but Pistachios are awesome. Regular paragraphs are indented by 25px on the first line. This template was inspired by all of my left-over Pistachios from Christmas... I love nuts of every kind, but Pistachios are awesome. Regular paragraphs are indented by 25px on the first line.

This template was inspired by all of my left-over Pistachios from Christmas... I love nuts of every kind, but Pistachios are awesome. Regular paragraphs are indented by 25px on the first line.